Baby-Led Introduction To Solids

This is a good article on starting babies on solid foods.  I don't like the idea of "baby-led" because it makes it seem like baby is in control.  But in reality, you are in control.  You decide when baby is ready to start and you decide, pick and choose baby's food.  Baby in control, in my experience and opinion, is dangerous.

**This post has been entered in “Works for me Wednesdays” at We are THAT Family!**

When it comes to solid food, all babies start eating it eventually. The typical wisdom (of late) has been to start baby on rice cereal at 4 – 6 months, the follow up with vegetables, then fruits, and later, dairy and meats. There have been different ideas through the years (including starting babies on rice cereal as early as 2 weeks old!), but one thing all these “plans” have in common are that babies are spoon-fed their early meals.

Not so in baby-led solids.

Baby-led solids is a relatively new idea. Babies are never fed from a spoon or offered any type of purees. They are also rarely offered grains as a first food, but instead are given ripe, raw fruits and vegetables, cheese, or even bits of meat. The food is placed on a tray in front of them, and the baby is encouraged to do what he will with it — play with it, smash it, lick it, and eat it. If he chooses not to eat, that’s okay.

Babies obviously have to be a bit older before they start solids for this to work. Most babies are more in the range of 6 to 8 months, and some are even older before they’ll actually eat anything this way. The idea is that if the baby refuses to eat at all, or refuses a particular food, he must not be ready for it. If he DOES choose to eat something, he must be ready for it and he clearly wants it. This gives the baby all the control over what and how much he eats. Since the baby has (hopefully) had demand-feeding up until now, he has always had control over how much he eats (and when), and he has self-regulated well. With baby-led solids, he can continue to self-regulate his eating.

We will be doing baby-led solids with Daniel. He is about 5.5 months at this time, so too young (although he does try to grab our food sometimes!). We’re hoping to hold off until 8 months. This is especially important to us because of the history of food allergies. We are hoping that he will not eat things that do not make him feel good (sometimes, kids with allergies will refuse all foods until they are over a year, or certain foods, because they seem to know it is not good for them).

So, WHY would anyone do this? And what should you feed first?

Kelly Mom has a good chart and FAQ on starting solids. She recommends no earlier than 6 months, and cautions that solids DO NOT REPLACE BREASTMILK (or formula)! Solids are only for tasting and experimenting until around age 1. (Side note: Kelly mom says that babies who start solids earlier and eat more of them tend to wean earlier, too. If you have already started your baby on solids before 6 months and s/he is eating a fair amount, and you had hoped to breastfeed for quite awhile yet, don’t worry! We started Bekah at 4 months and she ate a lot of solids, too, and she is still an avid nurser at 23 months. So, whatever “mistakes” you make, you can fix or overcome!)

La Leche League weighs in on baby-led solids, too (frequently called “baby led weaning;” I don’t like this term because it implies that you are putting the baby from breastmilk onto solids, and this shouldn’t be true — baby should continue to breastfeed while adding complementary foods).

It’s important to know how a baby’s gut develops. (Click the link for indepth information. It also thoroughly explains the “leaky gut syndrome” I mentioned in a previous post.) If a baby is exclusively breastfed from birth (no supplementation at all), his or her gut will close and begin to mature around 18 weeks. Solids should never be started earlier than this. In babies who are formula fed or who have been supplemented with formula on occasion, it takes even longer for the gut to mature. Using probiotics can help, although breastfeeding is best. The reason that solid foods can’t be started until the gut has closed and matured is that until this time, large, undigested proteins can get from the intestines into the bloodstream, where the body can begin to attack them as foreign invaders, creating an allergic reactions. When the gut is mature, proteins don’t pass into the bloodstream until fully digested, and therefore don’t create allergic reactions (this is why special formulas have pre-digested proteins or even basic amino acids, in an attempt to bypass this issue and cause no allergic reactions).

However, age isn’t the only thing to look for when starting solids. The calendar is a good start — as in, don’t start sooner than 6 months of age, unless advised for real medical reasons (a lot of doctors will say “sure, 4 months is fine!” but not have any particular reason why your child NEEDS solids so early; I would not consider this a medical reason). But also look for:

*Doubled birth weight
*Ability to sit unassisted
*Development of the “pincer grasp”
*Interest in food (watching you eat, grabbing your food)
*Loss of the tongue-thrust reflex

If your baby doesn’t have ALL of these, he’s not ready for solids. Solids, contrary to popular belief, will not help a babysleep through the night (there is controversy regarding babies with reflux, but my personal belief is that reflux is usually caused by allergies, or immature digestive system, and neither is fixed by feeding unnecessary food, or drugs). It is important to note that breastmilk contains 22 – 35 calories/ounce, and formula contains about 22 calories/ounce. Early solids will typically contain 5 – 10 calories/ounce, and should make up a very sparing part of the child’s diet. Put this way, it’s obvious that breastmilk is the fattiest and most filling food, and that solids will not “fill the child up” and help him/her to sleep longer.

Once a baby IS ready, though, here are some good first foods:

*Avocado
*Squash
*Sweet potatoes
*Chicken (cut in very tiny pieces, to avoid choking)
*Cooked apples (cut in very tiny pieces)
*Cooked pears
*Egg yolks (no whites)

You will notice that no type of grains are on this list. This is because grains are not good for young babies. The Weston A. Price Foundation recommends that no grains be introduced until around age 2 because babies have a very hard time digesting grains. They actually recommend that animal products (egg yolks, then liver, then other meats and butter) bebaby’s first foods, starting fruits and vegetables only after 10 months. Babies don’t handle “roughage” well as adults do, because they don’t produce much amylase, an enzyme required to digest grains and other roughage.

Introduce foods only one at a time, no more often than every three days. It can take awhile for reactions to show up, so iffoods are introduced too quickly, it can be hard to tell which is causing a reaction. In children with a family history of allergies (especially siblings), waiting a week between new foods is a good idea. Reactions may include the following:

*Diarrhea
*Vomitting (especially projectile)
*Constipation
*Hives
*Trouble breathing/anaphylaxis
*Eczema
*Night waking
*Screaming
*Belly pain/upset/gas
*Cradle cap

Please be aware that eczema flare-ups ARE a sign of allergy and are NOT normal (Bekah’s eczema ONLY flares up when she’s eaten a food she’s allergic to, and her doctor has indicated this is a sign to watch for). Please also be aware that some of these symptoms can be a sign that the baby is simply not ready for the food and NOT an allergy, but it still means you must wait awhile before trying it agai
n. It is a good idea to introduce filtered water and a good probiotic at the same time as you introduce solids to hopefully minimize any reactions (per Bekah’s doctors).

A lot of babies experience severe constipation when rice cereal is introduced first — Bekah did. They actually cry and strain. This is not normal, and is a sign that their bodies are not ready to digest grains. Many parents are told this IS normal and are advised to give their babies juice, or worse, medical suppositories. The best answer is to stop feeding grains and start with other foods, or simply wait longer to feed foods at all. Remember: babies are NOT supposed to be getting a large portion of their calories from their food yet. They are only tasting and learning about new textures, experimenting.

When introducing a food, cut up a small bit of it into tiny pieces and place them on a highchair tray. Sit the baby in the highchair, and encourage him/her to play with, lick, and eat the food. If s/he is not interested, don’t push him/her to try it. Just wait a couple days and try again. Always watch your child carefully when s/he is eating, especially in the first few months. If the baby indicates s/he likes the food and wants more (baby sign is really great for this), or wants some help, go ahead and help. This is BABY LED, but that doesn’t mean you can’t help if the baby would like you to.

Once you have introduced several foods, you can start to put more than one on the tray at once, or serve some of the family’s meal to the baby (for example: egg yolks cooked with some meat). Introducing butter and coconut oil early on is a good idea, too, because both provide the needed saturated fat and cholesterol to the baby ( coconut oil is cholesterol-free but does contain the medium-chain fatty acids found, besides coconut, only in mother’s milk). The Weston A. Price Foundation has lots of good ideas on feeding babies (linked above).

In case you find this article a bit strange and lest you think I feel like I’m a “perfect parent” for doing things this way (as it’s been brought to my attention that sometimes I come off that way when I don’t mean to), let me tell you about my experience feeding Bekah. She was given formula supplements from birth to 6 weeks, then exclusively breastfed until 4 months. She was started on rice cereal just prior to reaching 18 weeks. I did this because she had stopped sleeping well at night at 3 months (although she was STILL only waking once per night, which, believe me, is a whole lot better than Daniel’s doing now at almost 5.5 months) and I felt like she needed “more” and it would help her sleep through the night (it didn’t. She only starting sleeping through the night “most of the time” at 22 months). Within a week we were trying pears, peas, bananas, apples, carrots, and various other foods. We didn’t wait more than 2 or 3 days in between foods, and I didn’t note any allergic reactions as such (horrible constipation from the rice cereal, followed by diarrhea and night waking from peas, which we now know she is allergic to). By 6 months I kind of was trying to hold back, but also sort of letting her eat “whatever.” I spoonfed her everything, and made purees for her. I usually fed her either a puree of fruit or vegetable (broccoli was another common one early on) for her meals, or I fed her over-cooked, mushy, cut up fruit or vegetables. When I didn’t have any around (I never bought any jars), I would feed her whatever was around — pastacoated in canned tomato soup, cream or cheese soups, even Taco Bell cheese roll-ups once or twice. I loved that she’d eat anything. At 8 months or so I’d give her “whatever” half the time, and sweet potatoes mixed with brown rice for dinner. That stopped at 11 months after she got the stomach flu and refused to eat it anymore. Right around her birthday, she stopped eating anything except apples, bananas, bread, cheese, and potatoes, when previously she’d eaten anything. Just after this we started discovering all her allergies…and since then we’ve been on a roller coaster ride of trying to heal her, get her to try new foods, etc. etc. She is FINALLY willing to at least try most foods now, and is sleeping through the night…most of the time (she is 23 months). There were months and months where we just had to feed her more applesauce, or another slice of bread, because she literally would not eat anything else. It was very frustrating. Anyway — we’re trying really hard to avoid that with Daniel, so I’ve done all this research on how we can do a better job feeding him so that (hopefully) it doesn’t happen again. Knock on wood.

How and when did you begin solids with your baby? What did you feed first? Has this post brought new ideas to you about infant feeding?

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